Improvement in pumps



I'. SHO'LLAR.,

Pump.

Patented July 16, 1878.

I'Lly.

MPEFERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D C.

NITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

FRANK SHOLLAR, OF OTSEGO LAKE, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF HIS RIGHT TO ALBERT M. HILTON, OF SAME PLAGE.

IMPROVEMENT IN PUMPS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 206,048, dated July 16, 1878; application filed March 11, 1878.

To all whom it 'may concern:

Be it known that LFBANK SHOLLAR, of Otsego Lake, in the county of Otsego and State of Micl1igan,'have invented a new and useful Improvement in Pumps, which improvement is fully set forth in the following specification and accompanying drawings, in which lattery Figure l is a vertical central section of one of my improved pumps. Fig. 2 is a detail View of a nozzle-valve used therein. Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the same. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section of its valve-chamber, showing the valve-face. Fig. 5 is a detail view in section, illustrating the means of fastenin g the fulcrumstand of the pump-handle. Fig. 6 is a detail View of the upper part of the said fulcrumstand. Fig. 7 is a horizontal section through the pump-cylinder and piston in the line y y' of Fig. l. Fig. 8 is a similar section in the line y' y' of Fig. l. Fig. 9 is a similar section in the line w' a2' of Fig. 1. Fig. l() is an elevation of an expansible packing-ring used in the piston of my pump. Fig. 11 is a horizontal section in the line z z of Fig. 1. Fig. 12 is a top view of one of the pump-valves, and Fig. 13 is a sectional view Aof a modified construction of the pump-piston.

The nature of my invention consists in certain constructions, combinations, and arrangements of parts hereinafter fully described and specifically claimed, whereby a pump is produced which isa single-acting lift-pump and a double-actingforce-pump of novel and improved construction.

In the drawings, A represents the cylinder of a pump, and B its bottom part, which is of semi-spherical shape, and is divided by a diaphragm, b, into two compartments. The diaphragm b is provided with a central valve guide-stem, bl, of triangular shape, as its section shows in Fig. 11, and around the stem a number of ports, b2, are concentrically arranged, which are closed by a iiat valve, B', fitted to slide up and down on the stem bl. The hole b3 ofthe valve B' is round, so as to allow room around the stem b1 for water-passage. A triangular nut, b4, screwed to the top part of t-he stem b1, limits the stroke of the valve and permits the water to pass ont of the hole b3 of the valve. The described valve and stem are all within the compartment above the diaphragm b, and do not project into the cylinder, and therefore cannot be struck by the descending piston. A suction-pipe of ordinary construction connects the lower part of the valve-chamber B with a strainer consisting of two semispherical vessels, C C', screwed together at c, the lower one, C', of which is provided with openings cl and a diaphragm, c2. The diaphragm c2 is provided with a central triangular stem, b1, nut b4, ports b2, and valve B', the same in construction and operation as those described in the valve-chamberB.

The piston D has a Hat bottom, d, provided with ports b2, valve B', triangular stem b1, and nut b, all as before described, with the only difference that the stem b1 is made larger and provided with a long screw, d,wh`ereby it is fastened to the piston-rod E and aplunger, F. A number of washers, cl2, are placed between the bottom of the plunger F and the nut b4 in order to adjust the distance between the piston and plunger. The circumference of the piston is conical, as seen at d3 in Fig. l, and over it an expansible ring, G, of wedge-shaped section, is fitted. The ends g of the-said ring are stepped, as seen in Fig. 10, and have a wellfitted water-tight joint, gl, at their horizontal parts. Around the exterior cylindrical surface of the said ring G a leather packing, G', is tted, which below the ring is' fastened, by screws g2 or otherwise, to the'piston D. A number of stays, H, Fig. 8, are fastened by means of screws h to the lower part of the plunger D, touching with their lower ends the upper surface of the ring G, therebykeeping it in place, while the spaces h1 between them serve as water-passages.

The plunger F has its packing i in an annular packing chamber, I, which at il is screwed to the tcp of the cylinder A, and to which the gland I' is attached by means of screw-bolts t2 and nuts i3. The upper surface of the valve-chamber B has two or more small projections or lugs, b5, and the pistonD has in its bottom two recesses, d3, of the same size, and directly opposite the said lugs, so that by letting down the piston and giving it a slight turn to the right or left (after the pistoured is disconnected from the operatinglever) the recesses 1I are caused to slip over the lugs b5 and loek the piston, or prevent it from turning. while the piston-rod l is unselewed in order to exchange or remove the washers d2.

Byunscrewing the pstonrrod li in this mau ner the plunger becomes disconnected, and by unserewing the packing-chamber I both may be removed from the cylinder A without disturbing the piston I), aml the operator can now easily make such change ot' the washers d2 as he deems necessary to ettect the desired adjustment of packing. The change ofthe washers from thicker to thinner. and vice versa, bl'ings the piston l) nearer to the plunger orfartller from it g and in consequence thereof the stays ll will either press the expansible ring (l farther down or allow it to move up higher, whereby the leather packing becomes more or less expanded. ly this means the leather packing may be used until it is almost it not quite worn out.

The cylinder A has near its topa side ehamber, a, to which a disehargepipe, J. is t'astv cned. A fulcrum-staml, Ix', is, by means ot' two arlns 7.', with split clamps l.'l and setserews lf2, as seen in Fig. 5, fastened to the dischargepipe J, and, with the fulerum-pin l, supports the pump-lever L, which is, by means of a conA necting-rod, L', connected with the pistonrod E.

To the top of the discharge-pipe .l a valveehamber, M, is attached, which has two oppo site hoseconnections, m m1, and a diaphragm, m2, with ports mii m, of elongated shape and contracted at their ends. A cylindrical valve, N, is titt-ed into the chamber )1, aml held down upon the diaphragm ml by means of a lid, M', screwed to the chamber M, the friction of the said parts being reduced by inserting au elastie washer, a, between the lid M and the top of the valve N. The bottom of the valve N (see Fig. 3) is provided with three ports, n' n2 1t3,equidistant froln the center of the valve, two of which ports, `n2 u, are diametrieally opposite and open into the inner space ofthe valve, while the third one, nl, is located between them, as shown in said tigure, aml terminates at the side of the valve at the same height with the hose-conneetions m m. The top of the valve N is piovided with a central socket, n, into which a curved nozzle, 0, is fastened.

In Fig. 13 a modified construction of the plunger is shown, whereby the piston-rod is rendered unnecessary, the plunger being hollow in Order to save metal.

Operation: In order to start the pump efficiently, the suction-pipe and the space above the valve B in the valve-chamber Il must be tilled with water. When the piston I) moves down, the water below is forced through the ports b2, the valve Il is lifted, and the water ascends around the edge of the valve aml through the spaces between the triangular stem b' and the round central hole If of the valve; thence through the spaces h (see Fig. T) between the stays Il into the annular space h2 between the plunger F and the cylinder A.

The space lf2 having less area than the space below the piston, the water rises much higher above the piston than it was below, aml when the pump is in full operation the downward stroke ot' the piston effects a discharge of wafer at the nozzle t), as well as the upward stroke. \\'hen the piston 1) moves up the water above it is forced out of the cylinder A into the discharge-pipe J, and the valve Il' in the valveehamber l is lifted by the water ascending from the strainer C G', the valve Il of which is also lifted by the water of the well entering through the holes c* and ports bl into the suctiolrpipe. The water which leaves the pump passes through the chamber a aml the discharge-pipe J into the valve-chamber M, and, according to representation in the draw ing, it passes through the port n into the connection m, to be comlueted hence by means of hose to its place ot' destination. 1f the other connection, m, is to be used, the valve N is turned half around, whereby the port n is brought opposite the said connection. If a discharge of water from the nozzle() is desired, the valve N is turned ninety degrees, or at a right angle with its former position. lhis will bring the ports n2 n opposite the ports m m4 or m4 m, causing the discharge-water to enter the inner space of the valve N and pass out of it through the nozzle O.

As my pump has no air-vessel, I have provided precautionary means against accidents by bursting in shaping the ports m3 m4 (see Fig. 4) in such manner that they always communicate either with the port nl or the ports n2 a, and consequently the discharge can never be wholly cut ot'f. Thus, if during a powerful operation of the pump the valve N should suddenly be turned, the small leakage allowed the ports between the changes ofthcir relative position will be sutiicient to prevent an accident to the machinery. The valves Ii', having central passages for the Water around the triangular stems b, are thereby adapted to a shorter stroke, as less water has to pass around the outer edge ofthe valve.

Ilavin g described my invention, what I claim is- 1. The combination of the-piston I), having a stem, b, and screw d', the plunger F, and the piston-rod E, wherebythesaid parts are united, substantially as set forth.

L. The combination of the plunger I", having stays II, the piston D, having a conical surface, da, stem b1, screw d1, adjusting-washers d2, and expansible wedge-shaped ring (i, and the piston-rod E, whereby the packing G of the piston is expanded or relieved, substantiall y as set torth.

3. The combination of a valve seat diaphragm, having ports b2, triangular valvestem b, aml cheek-nut b4, and the valve Il', having a cylindrical central hole, b3, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination of the piston D, having recesses d3, and the valve-chamber B, having lugs b5, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The strainer C C', being united at c, and having diaphragm c2, ports 11"", stem b1, and valve B', having cheek-nut b4, substantially as set forth.

6. The pump-cylinder A, in combination with the removable valveehamber B, having diaphragm b, ports b2, stem b1, and valve B', substantially as set forth.

7. The combination of the pump-cylinder A, discharge-pipe J, fulcrum-stand K, having arms 7c, clamps k1, and set-screws k2, substantially as set forth.

8. The valve-chamber M, in combination with the pump and its con ducting or discharge pipe J, having diaphragm m2, ports m3 m4, hose-connections m lm, and adjustable lid M', in combination with the valve N, having ports nl a2 n3 and pipe-socket n, whereby the use of an air-chamber can be dispensed with and the discharge of the Water is never entirely cut off, and thus bursting prevented, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. The expansible Wedge-shaped packingring G, having stepped ends g and a watertight joint, g1, substantially as set forth.

Witness my hand, in the matter of my application for a patent for a pump, this 6th day of March, A. D. 1878.

FRANK SHOLLAR.

Witnesses:

NELSON R. GILBERT, CHAs. S. BRINK. 

